高考英语虚拟语气专项练习题及答案解析

虚拟语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人的一种愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测、建议等，是一种表示与事实相反的非真实条件句。在英语学习中，地位较高。

高中英语虚拟语气题及答案1

1、if my brother ____ here last sunday，he ____ me from going.

a. had been；would have prevented b. had been；would prevent

c. were；would prevent d. were；would have prevented

2、the judge ordered that the thief ____ punished.

a. would be b. should be

c. were to be d. must be

3、if the united states had not entered the second world war，probably the 1940 unemployment rate of 14% ____ still further.

a. would rise b. would risen

c. would have risen d. had risen

4、he talked as if ____ for many years.

a. is living there b. was living there

c. has lived there d.had lived there

5、i wish i ____ you yesterday.

a. saw b. did see

c. had seen d. were to see

6、the rice ____ if you had been more careful.

a. wouldn‘t be burning b. would not burn

c. would not have been burned d. wouldn‘t be burnt

7、without electricity，human being life ____ quite different today.

a. would b. will be

c. would have been d. would be

8、i‘d rather you ____ anything about it for the time being.

a. don‘t do b. didn‘t do

c. hadn‘t done d. won‘t do

9、if he ____ in a day or two，i would wait for him.

a. returns b. should have returned

c. were to return d. have returned

10、i would go to the concert but i ____ no time.

a. had b. had had c. have d. have had

11、how nice it ____ if i ____ a sister like you！

a. should be；had been b. would be；had been

c. would be；had d. were；had

12、____ in your position，i would go.

a. if i b. were i d. if was i d. if i am

13、____ five minutes earlier，you could have seen them off.

a. if you should arrive b. if you arrived

c.had you arrived d. should you arrive

14、i am glad we had a map. i am sure we ____ if we ____ one.

a. would have got lost；hadn‘t had b. would get lost；hadn‘t

c. couldn‘t have get lost；had had d. may get lost；don‘t have

15、the doctor insisted that this patient ____ seriously ill and he ____ on.

a. should be；should be operated b. should have been；had been operated

c. had been；should operate d. was；should be opearated

16、i wish my husband ____ as well as ____.

a. will dress；you b. be dressd；you

c. dressed；you d. dress；you

17.if we ____ hard in the past few years，things ____ so smoothly now.

a. had‘t worked；had gone b. hadn‘t been working；wouldn‘t be going

c. didn‘t work；weren‘t going d. hadn‘t worked；would have gone

18、i ____ each of the group leaders immediately work out a practical plan of study.

a. hope b. except c. wish d. suggest

19、without the air to hold some of the sun‘s heat. the earth at night ____，too cold for us to live.

a. would be freezing cold b. can freeze coldly

c. will be freezing coldly d. would be frozen cold

20、---____ you booked the tickets in advance，we would have left for italy.

---if so，we ____ the ball and failed to see a lot of interesting people there.

a. had；should miss b. should；might have missed

c. should；had missed d. had；would have missed

参考答案

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高中英语虚拟语气题及答案2

一、单句填空

1、（湖北·改）you_________(not interrupt) the meeting to tell me that; you could have come to tell me afterwards.

2、（湖北·改）most believe he __________(play) for england last week, but for a serious injury which put him out of football.

3、（湖北·改）had we not used an out-of date train schedule, we ______(miss) the train.

4、（天津·改）without his wartime experiences,hemingway_____(not write) his famous novel "a fairwell to arms".

5、（重庆·改）if he had spent more time practicing spaeaking english before, he _________(be able to) speak it much better now.

6、（湖北·改）if she had been aware that the mushrooms were poisonous, she _________(not pick) them for dinner.

7、（陕西·改）ellen is a fantastic dancer, i wish i __________(dance) as well as her.

8、（湖南·改）it‘s about time they ________(have) to be registered and insured.

9、（辽宁·改）jack is a great talker. it‘s high time that he ________(do) something instead of just talking.

10、（陕西·改）we would rather our daughter________(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.

二、单项选择

1、（天津）—do you have betty‘s phone number?

—yes. otherwise, i _______ able to reach her yesterday.

a.hadn‘t been

b.wouldn‘t have been

c.weren‘t

d.wouldn‘t be

2、（江苏）it might have saved me much trouble ______ the schedule.

a.did i know

b.have i known

c.do i know

d.had i known

3、（北京）if i________it with my own eyes, i wouldn‘t have believed it.

a.didn‘t see

b.weren‘t seeing

c.wouldn‘t see

d.hadn‘t seen

三、单句改错

1、（四川·改）if you are me, would you talk to him?

2、（陕西·改）my mom suggests that we could eat out for a change this weekend.

3、（安徽·改）i would go to my cousin‘s birthday party last night, but i was not available.

4、（湖南·改）if mr.dewey should be present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

5、（北京·改）we were back in the hotel now if you didn‘t lose the map.

解析：

一、单句填空

1、shouldn‘t to have interrupted “过去本来不应该做某事但是做了”

2、would/could have palyed考查含蓄虚拟语气，再由last week可知是对过去情况的模拟。

3、would not have missed if虚拟语气条件句和主句都是对过去情况的虚拟，而主句是对现在情况的虚拟，所以主句谓语动词用would have done

4、would be able to

if虚拟条件句是对过去情况的虚拟，主句是对现在情况的虚拟，所以主句用would do的形式

5、wouldn‘t have written

介词without表示条件，是与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以主句的谓语动词应用would have done的结构

6、would not have picked

7、danced

句子表示对现在情况的一种假设，所以从句中谓语动词要用过去式

8、had/should have

在“it‘s about time(that)...”句型中，that从句中的谓语动词用一般过去式或should do表示虚拟语气

9、did/should do

it‘s high time that...用法同上

10、stayed

would rather后的从句用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反时，谓语动词用一般现在时

二、单项选择

1、b

2、d

might have saved可知是对过去的虚拟，从句应该用if i had known和主句保持一致。if虚拟语气句中含有had时，可将if省去，同时将had提前构成倒装句

3、d

三、单句改错

1、are改为were

2、could改为should

suggest后接从句时，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气“（should+）动词原形”

3、go改为have gone

4、should be改为had been

由would have offered可知，if条件句是对过去情况的虚拟，所以虚拟条件句中的谓语动词用had done结构

5、were改为would be

高中英语虚拟语气题及答案3

01

虚拟语气的两个常见命题角度

1. 直接考查虚拟语气的用法

—don’t you think it necessary that he _______ to miami but to new york?

— i agree, but the problem is _______ he has refused to.

a. will not be sent; that

b. not be sent; that

c. should not be sent; what

d. should not send; what

答案为b。因为necessary后的从句要用“(should+)动词原形”，排除选项a；因he与send是被动关系，send要用被动式，排除选项d；答句中的表语从句中不缺任何句子成分，用that。值得说明的是，refuse to后省略了be sent to new york。

2. 利用虚拟语气背景进行命题

(1)_______ he had not hurt his leg, john would have won the race.

a. if b. since

c. though d. when

答案为a。全句使用的是虚拟语气背景，if在此引出一个虚拟条件。

(2) if newton lived today, he would be surprised by what ______ in science and technology.

a. had discovered

b. had been discovered

c. has discovered

d. has been discovered

答案为d。此题可用排除法来做。根据what与discover的关系可知，此处应用被动语态，即指被发现的东西，故可排除选项a和c；由于句子使用了虚拟语气， 所以此题的迷惑性很大，许多考生会误选b。其实，由于句中的虚拟语气是对现的情况进行假设（注意句中的today），而且“在科学和技术方面所取得的发现”指的是现在的事实，而非假设，所以此处要用现在完成时，而不能用过去完成时。

02

高考英语考查虚拟语气的三类重点

1. 考查直接条件类虚拟语气

所谓直接条件类虚拟语气，就是指句子中含有if引导的条件句，并且这个条件与事实是不相符的，同时注意主句与从句所对应的时间（即是与现在时间不符还是与过去或将来时间不相符），从而确定主、从句谓语的动词形式。如：

if mr. dewey ________ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

a. were b. had been c. should be d. was

本题考查直接条件类虚拟语气，句子的条件由if直接引出，句子大意为：要是杜威先生当时在场的话，他就会给那儿的人提供任何可能的帮助。根据本句中he would have offered可知，这里是表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以从句应用过去完成时。故答案选b。

2. 考查间接条件类虚拟语气

所谓间接条件类虚拟语气，就是指句子中不直接出现if引导的条件句，而是将这个if所表示的条件隐含在某些词语或表达中。此时考生就要做以下三步工作：第一步是分析这个if引导的条件句隐含在什么词语或表达里；第二步是分析如何将这个“隐性”的条件转变为“显性”的条件（即将间接条件转化为直接条件）；第三步是根据直接条件类虚拟语气确定答案。比如下面这道题：

they were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they ________ to our help.

a. would have come b. could come c. have come d. had come

本题的关键信息是or（要不然），“要不然”是什么意思，就是“如果不是那样的话”，可见这个or就是表示隐含条件的词语。根据句子前半部分的时态可知，本句是在谈论过去的情况，即这个or是指“过去如果不那样的话”，联系上文内容，这个or在此相当于if they hadn’t been abroad（如果他们当时不在国外的话）。比较四个选项，显然只有a符合要求or后面的句子可以改写为：if they hadn’t been abroad, they would have come to our help. 即答案选a。

3. 考查固定句式类虚拟语气

英语中有些固定句式通常要与虚拟语气连用，如but for, would rather, it is time that…, i wish…, if only…等。但要注意这些句式所连用的虚拟语气格式不尽相同，如it’s time that…中的从句谓语通常用过去式；would rather后接从句时，从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示过去；等等。请看下面这道题：

we would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.

a. would stay

b. has stayed

c. stayed

d. stay

本题答案为c，与句中的would rather有关，即would rather后接句子时，用一般过去时表过现在的情况。句意为：我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们一起待在家里，但是那是她的选择，她已经不再是一个小孩子了。

03

备考虚拟语气的两个易错点

1. 误解错综时间虚拟语气的时间关系

错综时间虚拟语气的从句与主句所指时间不一致，做题时应根据具体的语境作出正确的理解。如：

it is hard for me to imagine what i would be doing today if i _______ in love, at the age of seven, with the melinda cox library in my hometown.

a. wouldn’t have fallen

b. had not fallen

c. should fall

d. were to fall

答案为 b。此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句，主句与现在事实相反，条件句与过去事实相反。句意为：要不是在七岁时就迷上了 melinda cox 图书馆，我真不能想象我如今会在做什么。

2. 忽略insist, suggest的两种用法

有的同学以为insist和suggest后面的宾语从句一定要要用虚拟语气。其实不一定，应根据具体语境来确定使用什么语气。如：

he insisted that he was not ill, but the doctor insisted that he should take the medicine.

a. was not, took

b. should be, should take

c. was not, should take

d. should be, toke

答案为c。第一空用陈述语气，强调宾语从句的内容为事实；第二空用虚拟语气，说明宾语从句的内容还不是事实。句意为：他坚持说他没有病，但医生却坚持要他服药。

04

虚拟语气考点训练(附详解)

1. —i still haven’t thanked aunt lucy for her present.

—it’s time you _______.

a. do b. did

c. had d. would

2. he hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _______ a goal.

a. had scored b. scored

c. would score

d. would have scored

3. if only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.

a. lies b. lay

c. had lain d. should lie

4. —your sister nearly devoted all her spare time to her course during the three years.

—that’s right, or she _______ the first place in her school in the 2020 college entrance examination.

a. wouldn’t take

b. wouldn’t have taken

c. hadn’t taken d. couldn’t take

5. —i’m sorry i spent so much money, dad.

—i wish you _______ so.

a. hadn’t done

b. didn’t do

c. haven’t done

d. wouldn’t do

6. it seems as if the sun _______ round the earth since it rises in the east and sets in the west.

a. circles b. is circling

c. were circling

d. has been circling

7. were it not for the snowy weather, we _______ all right.

a. would be

b. would have been

c. were

d. may be

8. —i’m sorry i spent so much money, dad.

—i wish you _______ so.

a. hadn’t done b. didn’t do

c. haven’t done d. wouldn’t do

9. i would have come earlier, but i _______ that you were waiting for me.

a. didn’t know

b. hadn’t know

c. would have known

d. haven’t known

10. i advised that he _______ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he _______ quite well then.

a. be sent; was feeling

b. was sent; felt

c. be sent; feel

d. should be sent; should feel

11. the teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _______ two weeks to prepare for the exam.

a. give b. should give

c. be given

d. would be given

12. i forget where i read the article, or i _______ it to you now.

a. will show b. would show

c. am going to show

d. am showing

【答案详解】

1. b。it’s time you did 为 it’s time you thanked aunt lucy for her present 之略。按照英语语法，it’s time 后从句通常要用过去式。

2. d。这是otherwise 引出的含蓄虚拟语气，再根据前面的 hesitated 可进一步知道这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，由此可推知答案选 d。

3. c。if only 意为“要是……就好了”，其后的句子谓语要用虚拟语气，同时根据 as the doctor instructed 中的过去时态可知从句是与过去事实相反，故选 c。

4. b。or(否则), otherwise, but等连词常表示虚拟条件。此题是与过去事实相反的情况，主句谓语用would have +过去分词。

5. a。wish后的宾语从句的谓语要用过去式表示虚拟语气。spent是过去式，所以wish是表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句谓语用“had+过去分词”。

6. c。此处as if从句表示与现在事实相反的情况。

7. a。were it not for… = if it were not for…，其意为“要不是因为……”，为与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，所以主句中谓语动词用 would be。

8. a wish 后的宾语从句的谓语要用过去式表示虚拟语气。spent 是过去式，所以 wish 从句是表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句谓语用“had +过去分词”。

9. a would come earlier 是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，而后面分句表示的是事实：当时我的确不知道……，所以用一般过去时。

10. a 在表示“建议”的 advise 等后的宾语从句的谓语用“(should +)动词原形”。insist 表示“坚持认为”讲时，它的宾语从句的谓语不用虚拟语气。

11. c。因为 that 从句是 suggestion 的同位语，应当用“(should +) 动词原形”表示虚拟语气；又因 the students 与 give是被动关系，所以选 be given。

12. b。根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即 or=if i didn’t forget where i read the article（要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话——但事实上忘了）。