人事部翻译二级口译点评(2)

人事部翻译二级口译点评

　　本段一个词汇是“Greenfield project.” 看似考词，其实考的是考生是否形成了准确捕捉英语母语说话人进行表达的习惯，”namely”一词的出现其实就是告知考生对于greenfield一词要进行解释，考生此时就不应该再纠结于这个新词的意思，应该转向对意义的判断。

　　此外，merge 和acquisition, 并购这类词应该对考生不再陌生。

　　第二篇 ：本篇文章来自北京周报的一篇特约稿件，作者是纽约大学的兼职教授。作者是华裔，虽然用英文写的，但从行文思路和语序还是比较接近中文，逻辑一般，用词比较简单(对比原文实际上是出题方进行了简化)，只要能够抓住基本内容，听记应该不算困难。

　　第一段：For years,policy makers and economists have all used GDP to measure the growth of country. But this excessivefocus on GDP can distort development incentives and lead to unintendedconsequences. Clearly, for a country to prosper,sufficient economic activity must be generated in order to employ greater numbers of people and to improve the overall standard of living. However, GDP was developed as a measure decades ago, and it has many shortcomings that can make it a poor measure of quality of life. Instead, economists and policy makers should focus on other indicators and develop new models for measuring a country's development progress. And this is fully possible with today's technology.//

　　这一段当中划线词都属于带有一定财经特征的词汇，但都没有超越八千的词汇量，

　　Generate economic activity是一个较为正式的表达，其实就是make economic activity happen.口译者有的时候应该可以望文生义的。

　　第二段：GDP records all the financial transactions for products and services within a country. The first problem with this measure is that with many companies operating in multiple countries, the profits that is created do not necessarily stay within a country's borders. In fact, a majority of the profits of multinational firms flows back to the country of origin. For instance, Nike may hire Chinese workers to produce its shoes, have stores in China to sell its products, and only Chinese customers buy from those stores. 90 percent of the economic activity happens in Chinaand gets recorded inChina's GDP. However, the majority of the profits of Nike goes back to the owners in theUnited Stateseven if none of the economic activity happens in theUnited States. The national wealth measure is therefore, distorted because it would seem that China is getting richer and the United States is getting poorer. Obviously, this is not the case.

　　这一段落中其实最难的不是理论，而是那家公司Nike公司一旦听出来，后来几乎就是一马平川，只要跟随着作者的思路，几乎可以完全顺下来。这要求学生对于美国的经济情况，特别是一些大公司的名称(中英文发音)了如指掌。

　　第三段: Secondly, GDP does not show distribution of income. A company that creates a lot of income from production does not show how that income is being distributed. The majority of profits actually go to very few individuals and that the income inequality is wide in China. Another problem with GDP as a measure for economic progress is that it only captures financialtransactions. When a mother takes his kid to watch a movie, that activity is captured in GDP. But when she takes the same kid to play soccer in a park, that activity is not captured in GDP. However, going to the park to play socce rcould create a better quality of life than going to the movies. if the focus becomes overwhelmingly on GDP growth, policy makers would have more incentives to create more movie theaters than public parks. As the result, the quality of life could drop. //

　　与上一段一样，如果译者能够跟上说话人的思路，这就是一段非常简单，甚至不用笔记的翻译。此外，带有长定语从句的主语是这个段落中的难点，

　　A company that creates a lot of income from production does not show how that income is being distributed.一家能够创造很多收入的公司不能表明收入是如何分配的。

　　第四段：The worst part about focusing on GDP is that it can actually create the conditions for a worse quality of life. The pollution that causes cancers, food poisoning, or birth defects actually adds to GDP growth because whenever people seek medical help and incur medical bills to pay for all these ailments, GDP grows. On the other hand, GDP doesn't grow if people remain healthy and don't seek medical help. Obviously, it is much better to have a healthier, cleaner society, but that will not create higher GDP growth.

　　这个段落从逻辑上说很简单，但听记上有些难度，一个是有一个三词列举，中间包含一个“先天缺陷”较难，另一个是 incur medical bills to pay for all these ailments。Incur 一词相对生疏，其实就是产生，ailment一词其实就是disease换个说法，英语求雅替换的习惯会在一定程度上考住译者，需要根据上下文进行判断。

　　第五段：In summary, GDP can be used as a guide, but it should be considered alongside other factors and indicators that are important to developing a sustainable society. Other measurements that should be adopted include the happiness indexwhich measures satisfaction with life, air quality index, pollution index, and life expectancy. GDP has been relied uponbecause it is fast and easy to gather that gross data and make simple comparisons across countries. But because of its many shortcomings, policy makers would achieve their development goals faster if they also used other ways to measure their progress.