2014职称英语考试综合类模拟试卷(2014年职称英语考试成绩查询)

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置

　　1． Although research has shown that asparagus does contain many important nutrients, it is not, as it was once regarded, a panacea.

　　A. an anomaly B. a delicacy C. a life-form D. a cure-all

　　2. In the book Autobiography of Values, the aviation hero Charles Lindbergh reveals his paradoxical and often sobering thoughts on life.

　　A. contradictory B. poignant C. mystic D. paramount

　　3. Numerous parallels exist between Ernest Hemingway’s life and the lives of his characters.

　　A. studies B. problems C. similarities D. biases

　　4. The Moon and most artificial satellites travel around the Earth in elliptical paths.

　　A. waves B. orbits C. voyages D. flights

　　5. By 1929,two years after the start of the “talkies”, motion picture theaters in the United States were attracting 100 million patrons every week.

　　A. owners B. actors C. customers D. critics

　　6. California, the first city on the American continent, reached its peak of development and power about AD 1100.

　　A. summit B. tip C. height D. apex

　　7. According to some biologists, the instinct to care for the young is perhaps the most interesting characteristic of animals.

　　A. actually B. surprisingly C. seldom D. possibly

　　8. The anhinga is a black water bird that frequents the perimeters of the everglades.

　　A. waters B. swamps C. forests D. edges

　　9. Through her portrayal of eight college educated women in the book, The Group, author Mary McCarthy criticizes an entire period.

　　A. age B. nation C. social class D. system of education

　　10. A seed planted in the sensitive lining of an oyster begins a perpetual coating process that forms a pearl.

　　A. total B. annual C. continual D. habitual

　　11. Throughout most of their lives, human beings perpetually learn and increase their mental capacities.

　　A. actually B. readily C. finally D. constantly

　　12. The history of the exploration of Antarctica recounts many tales of perseverance and suffering.

　　A. endurance B. skill C. generosity D. disturbance

　　13. The American antelope possesses remarkable powers of sight and can pinpoint potential danger at tremendous distances.

　　A. spot B. relay C. attach D. sustain

　　14. Julia Margaret Cameron was among the pioneers in a new kind of portrait photography—the close-up.

　　A. originators of B. champions in C. experts in D. publishers of

　　15. The French and Indian War of 1756-1763 pitted Britain, her American colonists, and her Indian allies against France, her Canadian colonists , and her Indian allies.

　　A. armed B. pivoted C. set D. took

第二部分：阅读判断 (第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

　　Too Polite for Words

　　A Japanese colleague the other day was talking about a meeting with a man whom she abruptly described using the English word “jerk” .I thought she was toning down her Japanese for my benefit, so I asked her how to say “jerk” in Japanese.

　　“There’s no such word,” she answered helplessly. “We have to use ‘jerk’”. Heaven knows it’s not as if there are no jerks in Japan. But the Japanese language is just not made for sniping at people .At first, I thought maybe my Japanese teachers had been too polite to teach me the real lingo ,so I watched to see what Japanese drivers would say to each other after a car accident .It turned out that they say: “I’m sorry.”Gradually I came to realize that there is perhaps no language so ill suited to invective as Japanese. Linguistically, these guys are wimps.

　　Take the vicious Japanese insult “kisama,” which is deeply offensive. It means: “your honorable self.” That’s right. Instead of using all kinds of dirty words, the Japanese insult each other by frowning and growling: “Your honorable self.”

　　Likewise, a nasty expression for a woman is “ama” another term not to try with the nice woman at the sushi restaurant. But literally it means “nun”. Sure, sarcasm may be intended, but still most women would probably prefer to be characterized as a nun than as a female dog.

　　Since people are least inhibited when they are shaking their fists at each other, insults offer a window into a culture .I’ve been interested in such terms ever since I arrived in Cairo a dozen years ago to study Arabic and discovered that my name was a curse. “Nick” sounds very much like the imperative of an extremely vulgar verb for sex. I would introduce myself in Arabic, and my new acquaintance would flee in horror.

　　There’s no such danger in Japanese. There are explicit terms for sex and for body parts, crude as well as clinical ,but they are descriptive rather than insulting.

　　There is one exception. One of the meanest things one Japanese child can say to another is: “Omaeno kaachan debeso.”That means: “Your mom’s belly button sticks out.”This has no deep Freudian meaning; it simply means that your mother is rude and ugly.

　　16. The Japanese woman used the English word “jerk” so as to make it easier for me to understand her.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　17. The Japanese people cannot fully demonstrate their anger because their language is not suitable for sniping at people.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　18. From the linguistic perspective, Japanese drivers are cowards.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 3

　　19 . The Japanese insult each other by showing their respect in an ironic way.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　20. People in other languages may insult a woman with an expression meaning, literally, “a female dog”.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　21. The word “Nick” in the Arabic language is a curse.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　22. “Omaeno kaachan debeso” is different from other nasty expressions in Japanese in that it is insulting both in its literal meaning and in its practical use.

　　A .Right B .Wrong C .Not mentioned

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　Stanford University

　　1 Stanford University, famous as one of northern California’s several institutions of higher learning ,is sometimes called “the Harvard of the West.” The closeness of Stanford to San Francisco, a city thirty-two miles to the north, gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan flavor. 2 The students are enrolled mainly from the western United States. But most of the fifty states send students to Stanford, and many foreign students study here, as well. And standards for admission remain high. Young men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of their high school classes.

　　3 Not only because of the high caliber of its students but also because of the desirable location and climate ,Stanford has attracted to its faculty some of the world’s most respected scholars. The university staff has included many Nobel Prize winners such as Dr.Felix Bloch, Dr.Robert Hofstadter ,and Dr.William Shockley in physics, Dr.Author Kornberg and Dr.Joshua Lederberg in medicine ,and Dr.Paul J.Flory and Dr.Linus Pauling in chemistry. The Russian novelist Aleks andr Solzhenistsyn has been in residence. Stanford’s undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business, law, and medicine are especially well-regraded.

　　4 What is student life like on “The Farm”?Culturally, the campus is a magnet for both students and citizens of nearby communities. Plays, concerts, and operas are performed in the university’s several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater, where graduations are also held. Several film series are presented during the school year .Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campus. In the evenings, many students gather to socialize in the Student Union’s coffee house; here the beverages and the atmosphere both have a decidedly European flavor. For the sports-minded, the Stanford campus offers highly developed athletic facilities. Team sports, swimming, and track and field activity are all very much part of the Stanford picture. So are bicycling and jogging.

　　5 In addition to financial support from alumni, Stanford receives grants from the government and from private philanthropic foundations. In recent years, government grants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history ,psychology, education, and atomic energy. At presents Stanford is carrying out an ambitious building program, financed in part by the Ford Foundation’s 25 million grant. Recently added to the campus are a new physics building ,new school of business, new graduate school of law, new student union, and undergraduate library.

　　23 Paragraph 2

　　24 Paragraph 3

　　25 Paragraph 4

　　26 Paragraph 5

　　A Colorful life on the campus

　　B Intelligent student body

　　C School administration

　　D Distinguished faculty

　　E Substantial financial support

　　F The Harvard of the West

　　27 Those high school graduates who can enter Stanford University .

　　28 Many professors like to teach in this university partly because here .

　　29 On the faculty of the university there are

　　30 Financial support from both private organizations and the government has made possible .

　　A they can find the best students

　　B the university’s academic advancement and physical extension

　　C some of the most distinguished scholars of the world

　　D where a sports meet is held every year

　　E must have been the top students in their class

　　F must be hardworking

第四部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　第一篇 Late-night Drinking

　　Coffee lovers beware. Having a quick “pick-me-up” cup of coffee late in the day will play havoc with your sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep.

　　Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m., before falling again. “It’s the neurohormone that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake,” says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halves the body’s levels of this sleep hormone.

　　Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decaf. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, compared with 415 minutes after decaf. They also took half an hour to drop off—twice as long as usual—and jigged around in bed twice as much.

　　In the second phase of the experiment, the researchers woke the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine sample. Shilo measured concentrations of a breakdown product of melatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicinc, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that drives melatonin production.

　　Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch.

　　31. The author mentions “pick-me-up” to indicate that

　　A. melatonin levels need to be raised.

　　B. neurohormone can wake us up.

　　C. coffee is a stimulant.

　　D. decaf is a caffeinated coffee.

　　32. Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?

　　A. Caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production.

　　B. Caffeine interrupts the flow of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping.

　　C. Caffeine halves the body’s levels of sleep hormone.

　　D. Caffeine stays in the body for many hours.

　　33. What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss?

　　A. Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep.

　　B. Different findings of Lotan Shilo and a team about caffeine.

　　C. The fact that the subjects slept 415 minutes per night after drinking decaf.

　　D. The evidence that the subjects took half an hour to fall asleep.

　　34. What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove?

　　A. There are more enzymes in decaf drinkers’ urine sample.

　　B. there are more melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers’ urine sample.

　　C. Decaf drinkers produce less melatonin.

　　D. Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone.

　　35. The author of this passage probably agrees that

　　A. coffee lovers sleep less than those who do not drink coffee.

　　B. we should not drink coffee after supper.

　　C. people sleep more soundly at midnight than at 3 a.m.

　　D. if we feel sleepy at night, we should go to bed immediately.

　　第二篇 Eat to Live

　　A meager diet may give you health and long life, but it's not much fun - and it might not even be necessary. We may be able to hang on to1 most of that youthful vigor even if we don't start to diet until old age.

　　Stephen Spindler and his colleagues from the University of California at Riverside have found that some of an elderly mouse's liver genes can be made to behave as they did when the mouse was young simply by limiting its food for four weeks. The genetic rejuvenation won't reverse other damage caused by time for the mouse, but could help its liver metabolize drugs or get rid of toxins. 2

　　Spindler's team fed three mice a normal diet for their whole lives, and fed another three on half-rations3. Three more mice were switched from the normal diet to half-feed3 for a month when they were 34 months old - equivalent to about 70 human years.

　　The researchers checked the activity of 11,000 genes from the mouse livers, and found that 46 changed with age in the normally fed mice. The changes were associated with things like inflammation and free radical production4- probably bad news for mouse health. In the mice that had dieted all their lives, 27 of those 46 genes continued to behave like young genes. But the most surprising finding was that the mice that only started dieting in old age also benefited from 70 percent of these gene changes.

　　“This is the first indication that these effects kick in pretty quickly,”says Huber Warner from the National Institute on Aging near Washington D. C.

　　No one yet knows if calorie restriction works in5 people as it does in mice, but Spindler is hopeful. "There's attracting and tempting evidence out there that it will work," he says.

　　If it does work in people, there might be good reasons for rejuvenating the liver. As we get older, our bodies are less efficient at metabolizing drugs, for example. A brief period of time of dieting, says Spindler, could be enough to make sure a drug is effective.

　　But Spindler isn't sure the trade-off is worth it6. "The mice get less disease, they live longer, but they're hungry," he says. "Even seeing what a diet does, it's still hard to go to a restaurant and say: ‘I can only eat half of that'. "

　　Spindler hopes we soon won't need to diet at all. His company, Lifespan Genetics in California, is looking for drugs that have the effects of calorie restriction.

　　36. Which of the following is incorrect?

　　A Meager eating than usual might make us live longer.

　　B If we go on a diet when old, we may keep healthy.

　　C Dieting might not be needed.

　　D We have to begin dieting since childhood.

　　37. The author mention an elderly mouse in paragraph 2 to_________.

　　A Illustrate the influence of old age on mice.

　　B Illustrate the effect of meager food on mice.

　　C Illustrate how mice's liver genes behave.

　　D Illustrate the process of metabolizing drugs.

　　38. According to the passage, completely normally fed mice__________

　　A will not experience free radical production.

　　B will experience more genetic rejuvenation in their lifetime.

　　C have more old liver genes to behave like young genes.

　　D are more likely to suffer from inflammation.

　　39. Which of the following most is the finding of the researchers？

　　A The mice that began dieting in old age.

　　B 27 of those 46 old genes that continued to behave like young genes.

　　C Calorie restriction that works in people.

　　D Dieting that makes sure a drug is effective.

　　40. According to the last two paragraphs, Spindler believes

　　A that calorie restriction is very important to young people.

　　B that seeing the effect of a diet, people will like to eat less than normal.

　　C that dieting is not a good method to give us health and long life.

　　D that drugs do not have the effects of calorie restriction.

　　第三篇 Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor

　　The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking, said medical experts after a five-year research study.

　　Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger, especially women.

　　According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute, more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Following breast cancer, it has the second-highest incidence rate.

　　"An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer," said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.

　　He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years. Among them, 1,433 were male.

　　Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke, according to the report.

　　However, more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term, close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about1 irritated eyes and throat.

　　About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.

　　However, local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.

　　"Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day, I must stay in the kitchen to cook," said Xu Li, a 45-year-old local woman. "I know the fumes are bad for the skin, but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less."

　　Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history, unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.

　　Other experts agreed with He.

　　"Smoking is by far the biggest cause4 of lung cancer for men," said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College. "It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women. "

　　He's research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling5 fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.

　　The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.

　　41. What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?

　　A Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.

　　B Women are more likely to develop lung cancer than men.

　　C Patients with lung cancer become older, especially males.

　　D Patients with lung cancer become younger, especially females.

　　42. Which of the following diseases is the most common among the local residents in Shanghai'?

　　A Heart disease. B Breast cancer.

　　C Infectious diseases. D Lung cancer.

　　43. What symptoms may be complained of by most women with lung cancer after long term. Close contact with cooking oil fumes'? 8

　　A Irritated eyes and throat. B Severe pain in both lungs.

　　C Continuous cough and headache. D Difficulty in breathing.

　　44. What was the local women's reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer?

　　A Happy. B Surprised. C Angry. D Careless.

　　45. Which of the following has relatively little connection with women's lung cancer?

　　A Family cancer history. B Unhealthy dietary habits.

　　C Weak immune systems. D Personal health and physical condition.

第五部分：补全短文 (第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

　　阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　Time in the Animal World

　　Rhythm controls everything in Nature. _______46______

　　The sun provides a basic time rhythm for all living creatures including humans. Nearly all animals are influenced by sun cycles and have developed a biological clock in their bodies following these cycles. The moon also exerts its force and influence on the sea. Its gravitational attraction causes the rising of the tide. ______47_____ When the moon is behind the Earth, centrifugal force causes the second tide of the day.

　　Animals living in tidal areas must have the instinct of predicting these changes, to avoid being stranded and dying of dehydration. Since the time of the dinosaurs, the king crab has been laying eggs at the seaside in a set way. To avoid predator fish , the eggs are always far from seawater and protected by sand. In the following two months, the eggs undergo dramatic changes related to the cycles of the moon4. When the second spring tide comes, the young king crabs have matured. ______48_____

　　Most of the mammals, either the giant elephant or the small shrew, have the same average total number of heartbeats in their lifetime. Shrews live only for two and a half years, and spend their life at a high speed and high tempo. Animals like shrews with a pulse rate of 600 per minute have an average total of eight hundred million heartbeats throughout their life. The African elephant has a pulse rate of 25 beats per minute, and a life span of 60 years.

　　The size of the body determines the speed of life. ____49____

　　As we get older, our sense of time is being influenced by the physiological changes of our body. The elderly spend more time resting, and do few sports. ____50____ For a child, a week is seen as a long time.

　　A For an adult, time goes fast year by year.

　　B It controls, for example, the flapping of birds' wings, the beating of the heart and the rising and setting of the sun.

　　C The larger the animal is, the longer its life span is and the slower its life tempo is.

　　D The tide goes out when the moon moves away and its attraction is weaker.

　　E We always tend to think all the animals have the same sense of time as human beings.

　　F The second spring tide takes them back to the sea.

第六部分：完型填空 (第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

　　阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　A Biological Clock

　　Every living thing has what scientists call a biological clock that controls behavior. The biological clock tells 5l when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells 52 when to leave the protective cocoons and fly away, and it tells animals and human beings when to eat, sleep and wake.

　　Events outside the plant and animal 53 the actions of some biological clocks. Scientists recently found, for example, that a tiny animal changes the color of its fur 54 me number of hours of daylight. In the short 55 of winter, its fur becomes white. The fur becomes gray brown in color in the longer hours of daylight in summer.

　　Inner signals control other biological clocks. German scientists found that some kind of internal clock seems to order birds to begin their long migration 56 twice each year. Birds 57 flying become restless when it is time for the trip, 58 they become calm again when the time of the flight has ended.

　　Scientists say they are beginning to learn which 59 of the brain contain biological clocks. An American researcher, Martin Moorhead, said a small group of cells near the front of the brain 60 to control the timing of some of our actions. These 61 tell a person when to 62 ，when to sleep and when to seek food. Scientists say there probably are other biological clock cells that control other body activities.

　　Dr. Moorhead is studying 63 our biological clocks affect the way we do our work. For example, most of us have great difficulty if we must often change to different work hours.

　　64 can take many days for a human body to accept the major change in work hours. Dr. Moorhead said industrial officials should have a better understanding of biological clocks and how they affect workers. He said 65 understanding could cut sickness and accidents at work and would help increase a factory’s production.

　　51. A scientists B humans C plants D animals

　　52. A insects B birds C fish D snakes

　　53. A effect B affect C effected D affected