2011年12月英语四级答案解析完整版(新东方)

2011年12月英语四级答案解析完整版(新东方)

　　作文：

　　Nothing succeeds without a strong will

　　There is a prevalent joke around young people saying that ‘quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world, and I’ve done it for hundreds of times.’ This seemingly funny statement ironically reflects the fact that the determination of most youngsters is oftentimes started with enthusiasm, but the passion becomes increasingly weaker each day, and then diminishes as if there has been no such thing at all.

　　It is obvious that their failure in ‘quitting smoking’ and decline of determination are all ascribed to their lack of will. Initially, every success involves several stages of setbacks and risks, and we need to summon up our will to conquer them. Moreover, there are enormous temptation in our path of pursuit of success. For instance, when we plan to quit smoking, our roommates may smoke freely in front of us; when we are eager to keep fit, our close friends may invite us to have late night snacks. Under these occasions, only strong will can assist us to resist the temptation, and persist in chasing our goals until we triumphantly realize them.

　　In short, no dream will successfully come true if we do not have strong will. An old famous proverb says that ‘ where there is a will, there is a way’. Let us bear this motton in mind no matter how many thunders and thorns are on our roads ahead, then we will be successful with such precious and powerful spirit.

　　快速阅读

What is Integrity?

①.The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.

What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. ②.Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.

Risky Business

We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future. Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. ③.We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. ④.But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense.

"But Everybody Does It"

Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it," "I'm not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions.

⑤.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.

Evaluating Risks

To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. ⑥.Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it for me"), and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a "0" on a test or assignment; an "F" in the class; Suspension or Dismissal from school; transcript notation; and a tarnished reputation. In fact, when you break a rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment might be. This is an extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be some matters of life and death, or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.

Getting Away With It--Or Not

⑦.Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, depriving him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Students have been dismissed from school because they didn't get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works.

Cheating Hurts Others, Too

Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have a profound cumulative effect. Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by being seen from across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat, I can't compete with those who do.") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of good teaching is seeing students learn, but ⑧.a cheater says, "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a blatant and destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the University, and harm those who worked hard for their degree.

Why Integrity Matters

If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. ⑨.We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day. If not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, ⑩.Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.

In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.

解析：

1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______. A) sticks to them in their daily life B) makes them known to others C) understands their true values D)sees that others also follow them

选择 sticks to them in their daily life

定位在原文第一段，文中说正直(integrity)的关键是一致性(consistency)，不仅要有很多道德和伦理的准则，还要每天都坚守。

2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships? A) It helps to create team spirit B) It facilitates communication C) It is the basis of mutual trust D) It inspires mutual respect

选择 It is the basis of mutual trust.

题干问正直在人际关系和事业关系中扮演着什么样的角色。定位回第二段，文中说“信任(trust)在任何关系中都是最根本的(essential)，而正直正是最重要的目标之一”。

3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？ A. To ensure we make responsible choices. B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress. C. so that we don’t break any rules. D. so that we don’t run into trouble.

选择 To ensure we make responsible choices.

定位回原文第四段标红的句子，答案完全照抄原文。

4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______? A. it has caused no harm. B. it is claimed to be unintentional. C. it has gone unnoticed. D. it is committed with good intentions

选择 it is claimed to be unintentional.

定位至第四段倒数第二句，文中说“无意识的(unintentional)”并不能为这一违背(violation)道德的行为开脱。

5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself? A. Avoid making excuses. B. Listen to other people’s advice. C. Make his intensions public. D. Have others watch over his shoulder.

选择 Avoid making excuses

定位回到第六段段首，watch out for excuses与本答案对应。

6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______. A. will often become more cautious B. are usually very aggressive C. value immediate benefits most. D. may lose everything in the end

选择 value immediate benefits most

定位回到第七段二句，文章说那些人通常专注于当下的利益，与本答案对应。

7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______. A) pay more dearly B) become more confident C) be widely admired D) feel somewhat lucky

选择 pay more dearly

定位点在八段首，看到其他三个选项大概都会笑出来。

8、这题不好找，在倒数第三段中间

Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to steal a grade.

本空在原文的成分是表语，故steal是动名词+ing的形式，这里空前的to是动词不定式的标志，因此steal要改为原型，未改写者不得分。

9、倒数二段首句中"rely on"处

Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s honesty and good faith.

10、倒数第二段中间处

Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of Watergate.

本次快速阅读选择题整体难度偏易，填空题偏难，话题幽默讽刺，意在告诉大家要做一个正直的人，考试不能作弊。

　　短对话答案：

　　11.

　　W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?

　　M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?

　　Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?

　　B) Go and ask the staff.

　　12.

　　W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?

　　W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.

　　Q: What does the man mean?

　　A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.

　　13.

　　W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.

　　M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.

　　Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?

　　B) She is worried about missing her flight.

　　14.

　　W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.

　　M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish. I’m allergic to it.

　　Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?

　　A) In a restaurant

　　15.

　　W: Now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?

　　M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.

　　Q: What do we learn about the man?

　　A) He is being interviewed for a job.

　　16.

　　M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.

　　W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first. I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.

　　Q: What does the woman imply?

　　B) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.

　　17.

　　M: You’re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down.

　　W: Yeah, you’re right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I’m doing a research paper.

　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

　　D) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.

　　18.

　　W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn’t it?

　　M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.

　　Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?

　　长对话：

　　19. B)He prefershot weather to cold weather。

　　20. B)The coldhouses。

　　21. C)Depressing。

　　22. B)They work hard and play hard。

　　23. B)French

　　24. C)Careersguidance。

　　25. A)Itspleasant environment。

　　Passage 1

　　26. C) The art of Japanese brush painting

　　27. B) To enhance concentration。

　　28. A) How listeners in different cultures showrespect

　　Passage 2

　　29. B) Buying and maintain equipment。

　　30. D) Two of his employees committed theft。

　　31. B) Advancement to a higher position。

　　32. D) She is competing with Chris for the newjob。

　　Passage 3

　　33.　A)They helpus see the important values of a culture。

　　34 　B) The values they reflect may change。

　　35. What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?

　　Section C

　　Compound Dictation

　　Our lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own（36）company, I no longer imagine I can get through a （37）singleday much less all my life，（38）completelyon my own. Even if I am on（39）vacationin the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has（40）sewnfrom cloth woven by others, using （41）electricitysomeone else is distributing to my house. （42）Evidenceof interdependence is everywhere; we are on this （43）journeytogether.

　　As I was growing up,（44）I remember being carefully taught that independence not interdependence was everything. “Make your own way”,” Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it.

　　Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that （45）what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help.

　　（47）I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.

　　选词填空

　　With the world’s population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers, businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure and jobs. Underlying all this (47) will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years.

　　Findingthe resources to meet this demand in a (48), sustainable way is the cornerstone of our nation’s energy security, and will be one of the major (49) of the 21^stcentury. Alternative forms of energy – bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few – are (50) being funded and developed, and will play a growing (51) in the world’s energy supply. But experts say that even when ()52, alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the world’s needs by 2050.

　　For example, even with (53) investments, such as $93 million for wind energy development (54) in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels (55) only about 1% of the market today.

　　Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of (56) – both traditional and alternative.

首先将15个备选词标上词性：

A. stable (a.)I. exactly (ad.)

B. solutions (n.)J. consist (v.)

C. significant (a.)K. comprise (v.)

D. role (n.)L. competitions (n.)

E. progress (n.)M. combined (v.)

F. marvelous (a.)N. challenges (n.)

G. included (v.)O. certainly (a.)

H. growth (n.)

47、根据this确定此空必然填一单数名词，15词中D/E/H备选，E/H相似，其中必有一个答案，前文所说人口、能源消耗等，均只能用“增长”来指代，而不能说是进步；故选择H.growth，根据相似原则，E和H可以一起划去。

48、本空与后面的sustainable并列，于是需要填一个形容词，与“可持续”的意象相近的选项为A.stable（稳定的）。

49、本空前面为形容词major, 于是这里需要填入名词，之前还有one of，于是填入复数名词，在N与B中选。本句主语是“找寻”某资源，所以这被概括为一种挑战更为恰当，因此选择N.challenges。

50、本空所在句不缺任何成分，并且其还出现在被动语态be动词和实义动词之间，所以必然填入副词，I和O中O.certainly更为符合。

51、空前a growing表明此处填名词，再往前看有个动词play，因此填入D.role构成习语play a role

52、所在半句中除了when只有一个空，所以这空必然是非谓语动词作状语，选择M.combined，表示“即使当所有资源结合被使用时，这些替代资源也只能解决人类在2050年对能源需求的30%。”

53、空后Investments为名词，此处填入形容词，剩下形容词中只有C.significant可表示可观的、大量的，形容投资非常多。F项与其含义接近，根据相似原则，也可以一并划除。

54、本空出现在名词development之后，整句在such as所引导的例子里，本应为一整个名词性结构，而其后又有专有名词ARRA，于是此处应填入非谓语动词作development的后置定语，剩下词中只有G.included这一个。

55、空后有明显语言标志1%，因此这里应该选择表示组成、构成、占有的K.comprise, 根据相似原则，J也可以排除。

56、此处在a lot of之后，因此填入复数名词，整句意为“能源与可持续专家认为，日后能源需求的解决可能将来自于许多传统和替代的_______。”还剩下“解决方式”和“竞争”两个选项；B.solutions更符合语义。

　　仔细阅读

　　Passage One

　　来自英国卫报(The Guardian): single-sex schools help boys to enjoy arts, says study

　　57.Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involved in activities such as art, dance and music,according to research released today.

　　Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity in which students either sink or swim, the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereo*type, the US study says.

　　57.Boys at single sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness,rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".

　　The report, presented at a conference of the International Boys' Schools Coalition in London attended by the heads of private and state schools, goes against58.received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.

　　The headmaster of Eton, Tony Little, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because59.it had become too focused on girls.He criticised teachers for failing to recognise that boys are actually more emotional than girls, despite the fact that girls "turn on the waterworks".

　　The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become demoralised when their female counterparts do better earlier in verbal skills and reading, because the left side of the brain develops faster in girls. They also felt they had to be "cool" rather than studious.

　　60.But in single sex schools teachers are able to tailor lessons to boys' learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study's author, education expert Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.

　　Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically "boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Boys in boys' schools "loved" to pen verse because they enjoyed the "inherent structure in poems", James said. Because, the researchers say, boys generally have better spatial skills, more acute vision, learn best through touch, are more impulsive and more physically active, they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around, with this natural impulse not seen as disruptive. "Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre in which violence and sexism are major themes," James wrote.

　　61.Single sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype gained from the media by girls that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships."In the present sexualised atmosphere prevalent in mixed schools, boys feel coerced into acting like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means," the report said.

解析：

　　57. The author believes that a single-sex school would _____.

　　A. force boys to hide their emotions to be “real men”

　　B. help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys

　　C. encourage boys to express their emotions more freely

　　D. naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image of a man

　　选择encourage boys to express their emotions more freely　　题目问男生学校可以怎样，原文前三段基本都在叙述男校对男生艺术情操方面的发展有着更好的促进作用。

　　58. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys _____.

　　A. perform relatively better

　　B. grow up more healthily

　　C. behave more responsibly

　　D. receive a better education

　　选择perform relatively better　　本题较难，题干问通常大家都认为在男女同校的学校中男生都怎样。　　原文四段末句中received wisdom表示常识或者被多数人所接受的观点，于是后面的部分是本题的出题点。

　　59. What does Tony Little say about the British education system?

　　A. It fails more boys than girls academically.

　　B. It focuses more on mixed school education.

　　C. It fails to give boys the attention they need.

　　D. It places more pressure on boys than on girls.

　　选择it fails to give boys the attention they need　　原文红字处说这些体制都更关心女生，取反之后意为这些体制都没那么关心男生，于是与此选项对应。

　　60. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is _____.

　　A. teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys

　　B. boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted

　　C. boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in

　　D. teaching can be designed to promote boys’ team spirit

　　选择teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys　　原文红字说在男校里，老师可以"根据男生的学习风格量身定制(tailor)课程"

　　61. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James’ report?

　　A. They enjoy being in charge.

　　B. They conform to stereotypes.

　　C. They have sharper vision.

　　D. They are violent and sexist.

　　选择they conform to stereotype　　文章最后两段都是在总结人们对男生的一般印象以及男校如何避免一些问题的出现，James的实验提及许多男生都正遵循着老套的路线发展，即本选项的同义改写；其余选项均是例举中的具体内容，包含于此答案。

Passage Two

　　来自英国卫报（The Guradian）: Are money problems driving you apart?

It's an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My partner says no because the boiler could go, or the roof fall off, and we have no savings to save us. I say that you only live once and we work hard and what's the point if you can't go on holiday. The joy of a recession means no argument next year – we just won't go.

　　Since money is reputed to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful. For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday. A YouGov poll of 2,000 people in May this year found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money. What's less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a recession – financial pressures mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable. A recent report shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples – even more so to their children. Disputes were characterised by intense verbal aggression, tended to be repeated and not resolved, and made men, more than women, extremely angry.

Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolises, which may be different things to men and women. "People can say the same things about money but have different conceptions of what it is for," he explains. "They will say it's to save, to spend, for security, for freedom, to show someone you love them." He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they've achieved something.

"The biggest problem is that couples assume each other knows what is going on with their finances, but they don't. There seems to be more of a taboo about talking about money than talking about death. But you both need to know what you are doing, who is paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship you don't have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it."

　　62. What does the author say about vacationing?

　　A. People enjoy it all the more during a recession.

　　B. Few people can afford it without working hard.

　　C. It makes all the hard work worthwhile.

　　D. It is the chief cause of family disputes.

　　选择It makes all the hard work worthwhile.　　对应原文首段中作者评论句:"I say you only live once and we work hard and what's the point if you can't go on holiday."

　　63. What does the author mean by saying “money is known…to bring a relationship to its knees”?

　　A. Money is considered to be the root of all evils.

　　B. Some people sacrifice their dignity for money.

　　C. Few people can resist the temptation of money.

　　D. Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.

　　选择Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.　　对应原文的句子字面意思为"金钱是最有可能让一段关系下跪的东西之一"，全段又在说关于金钱的讨论对两人间关系的影响，可见应该选择此答案。

　　64. The YouGov poll of 2,000 people indicates that in a recession _____.

　　A. conflicts between couples tend to rise

　　B. it is more expensive for couples to split up

　　C. couples show more concern for each other

　　D. divorce and separation rates increase

　　选择Conflicts between couples tend to rise.　　对应原文二段中实验结果:"...found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners..."

　　65. What dose Kim Stephenson believe?

　　A. Money is often a symbol of a person’s status.

　　B. Money means a great deal to both men and women.

　　C. Men and women spend money on different things.

　　D. Men and women view money in different ways.

　　选择Men andwomen view money in different ways.　　对应四段首句:'KS, ..., believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolises, which make be different things to men and women."

　　66. The author suggests at the end of the passage that couples should _____.

　　A. put their money together instead of keeping it separately

　　B. make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgets

　　C. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship

　　D. avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic

　　选择discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship　　对应原文最后一句:'In a healthy relationship, you don't have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it."

　　完形部分真题

Employers fear they will be unable recruit students with the skills they need as the economic recovery kicks in, a new survey67.reveals.

Nearly half of organisations told researchers they were already struggling to find68.staffwith skills in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM),69.whileeven more companies expect to experience70.shortagesof employees with Stem skills in the next three years.

The Confederation of British Industry and the vocational qualifications body EDI71.surveyed694 organisations across the public and72.privatesectors, which together employ 2.4 million people.

Half are73.concernedthey will not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years, while a third said they would not be able to74.recruitenough employees with the right A-level skills.

"75.Aswe move further into recovery and businesses plan76.forgrowth, the demand for people with high-quality skills and qualifications will77.intensify," said Richard Lambert, director general, CBI.

"In the future, people with qualifications in science and maths will be particularly sought after, and firms say it is already hard to find people with the right78.technicalor engineering skills. The new government must make it a top79.priorityto encourage more young people to study science-related80.subjects."

The survey found that young people would improve their job prospects81.ifthey studied business studies, maths, English and physics or chemistry at A-level. The A-levels that employers82.rateleast are psychology and sociology. And while many employers don't insist on a83.particulardegree subject, a third prefer to hire those with a Stem-related subject.

The research84.highlightedworries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in the UK85.workforce. Half of employers expressed worries about employees' basic literacy and numeracy skills, while the biggest problem is with IT skills,86.wheretwo-thirds reported concerns.

翻译

87.Charity groups organized various activities to (为地震幸存者筹款)

答案：raise money for (people who survived the earthquake/ the survivors in the earthquake )

解析：

考点一：organize sth / sb to do sth 这里的to是连接不定式做宾语补足语因此应该注意动词要用原形 很多学生会误以为to 是介词而在此处误用了动名词形式。

考点二：筹集善款一词此处用raise money ；raise 一词为常考高频词汇除了募捐善款外还曾考过这几个含义：抚养 ； 举起

考点三：“幸免者”即可用survivors in the earthquake，也可用定语从句people who survived （from）the earthquake

注意：这里的survive 可接from也可以不接

88．Linda (不可能收到我的电子邮件); otherwise, she would have replied.

答案：couldn’t have received my e-mail

解析：

常考考点：虚拟语气中的一种固定考法：

对于过去事情作出的推断的表达方式：

1若是十分肯定的用must have done

2若是一般肯定的用might have done

3若是否定的推断用couldn’t have done

此处是属于第三种 而题干中“不可能收到”是关键解题点

89.It's my mother (一直在鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my studies.

答案：who always encourages me not to lose heart / give up /dismay

解析：

常见考点一：强调句 it is 。。。。that /who

检验句子是否正确的方法：将it is 。。。。that /who 去掉后便是原始的陈述句：

以该句为例

强调句：It's my mother who always encourages me not to lose heart / give up /dismay when I have difficulties in my studies.

原始句：My mother always encourages me not to lose heart / give up /dismay when I have difficulties in my studies.

考点二鼓励某人做某事：encourage sb to do sth 否定心态为encourage sb not to do sth

考点三 灰心 dismay / give up / lose heart

90.The publishing house has to (考虑这部小说的受欢迎程度).

答案：take the popularity of the fiction / novel into consideration /account

考点：固定搭配 考虑。。 take 。。into consideration / account

91.It is absolutely wrong to (仅仅以金钱来定义幸福).

答案：

1define one’s happiness only by how much money he has/money

2 measure one’s happiness only by money / how much money one has .

考点：定义。。 define 当然如果根据其句子含义翻译其 “定义”一词也可译成衡量measures 此处显示了翻译的灵活性 ，在考场上若记不起定义 define 一词 要灵活的使用熟悉的measure A by B 这个短语来替换